“Benito Cereno” explores complex themes such as slavery, deception, and the moral ambiguity of human nature. Set against the backdrop of a slave revolt on a Spanish ship, the story unfolds through the eyes of Amasa Delano, an American captain who encounters the distressed vessel, the San Dominick. While reading, I was intrigued by the gradual revelation of the true nature of Captain Benito Cereno’s relationship with Babo, his African slave. It is important to note that Melville wrote the story in 1855, 6 years before the inception of the Civil War, and was therefore inspired by the question of race present at the time. 

The story also delves into the complexities of power dynamics and the morality of slavery. Delano’s initial condescension towards Cereno reflects the racial and cultural biases of the time. Throughout his 12-hour visit on the ship, he establishes a pattern of failing to interpret how the other’s behaviors and power could be problematic. Considering his own professional shipboard abilities, Delano lacks respect for the black men’s commanding presence and also jumps to conclusions about Cereno’s ability to captain a ship effectively. As the story progresses, it becomes clear that the roles of “master” and “slave” are not as straightforward as they seem. Babo’s cunning manipulation challenges the conventional power structures, forcing readers to confront the ethical implications of slavery and the dehumanization it entails.

Finally–also as seen in “Bartleby, the Scrivener”–Melville ends the story ambiguously, leaving room for interpretation and prompting readers to question their own biases and assumptions. The open-ended resolution, invites contemplation on the consequences of the events and the broader societal implications.

-Siena Rose